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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children treated at a hospital in Yucatan
Miguel A Gamboa Gamboa1, Cecilia C Polanco-Cab1, Fortino Solórzano-Santos2
1Departamento de Pediatría, Clínica de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) predominantly affects children under five years old in southeastern Mexico, presenting with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms. Coronary aneurysms were infrequently observed in this pediatric population.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition.
- Limited data exists on MIS-C in southeastern Mexico.
- This study addresses the gap in understanding MIS-C in this specific region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of MIS-C.
- To report findings from a private hospital in Mérida, Yucatán.
- To contribute to the understanding of MIS-C in a previously undocumented area.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, descriptive case series of pediatric patients under 18.
- Study period: January 2021 to March 2024.
- Inclusion criteria: MIS-C diagnosis, confirmed by PCR, serology, or COVID-19 exposure.
Main Results:
- Seventy MIS-C cases were identified; 84% required hospitalization.
- The majority of affected children were under five years old (74.58%), with a male predominance (61%).
- Predominant symptoms included gastrointestinal (68.5%) and cardiovascular (68.5%); coronary aneurysms occurred in 8.5%.
Conclusions:
- MIS-C in this cohort primarily impacted children under five.
- Gastrointestinal and cardiovascular manifestations were most common.
- The incidence of coronary aneurysms was notably low in this series.
Background:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has not been described in southeastern Mexico.
Objective:
To report the clinical and epidemiological aspects of MIS-C in a private hospital in Mérida, Yucatán.
Material And Methods:
Retrospective, descriptive, consecutive case series study in children under 18 years of age, treated from January 2021 to March 2024. Patients diagnosed with MIS-C were selected. Patients underwent PCR testing, serological testing, or had known exposure to a family member with COVID-19. Descriptive statistics were analyzed with the X2 test.
Results:
Seventy patients were included: 59 (84%) were hospitalized and 11 (16%) were followed up in the outpatient clinic, all with a diagnosis of MIS-C, median age 48 months (4-192), 44 (74.58%) were < 5 years old (p < 0.001) and predominance of males with 36 (61%). Of the hospitalized cases, 40 (67.79%) had the MIS-C phenotype and 19 (32.2%) had Kawasaki disease and MIS-C. MIS-C predominated in those aged ≤ 60 months. Gastrointestinal symptoms predominated in 68.5% of cases, and cardiovascular symptoms in 68.5%. There were 6 cases with coronary aneurysms (8.5%).
Conclusions:
Cases were most frequent in those aged < 5 years, with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms predominating. The presence of coronary aneurysms was low.
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