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Related Concept Videos

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Structural analysis of predicted anti-CRISPR, ACZ01644.

So Eun Park1, Jae-Hee Jeong2, Yeon-Gil Kim2

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers characterized ACZ01644, a potential anti-CRISPR (Acr) protein. Its unique structure and trimeric assembly were revealed, but it did not inhibit Cas9, suggesting novel roles in CRISPR-Cas regulation.

Keywords:
Adaptive immunityAnti-CRISPR (Acr)CRISPR–Cas systemCrystal structurePutative Acr

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Microbial Immunity

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems provide adaptive immunity in prokaryotes.
  • Anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins are phage-encoded inhibitors of CRISPR-Cas.
  • ACZ01644 was previously predicted to be an Acr protein.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the structure and biochemical properties of ACZ01644.
  • To investigate the inhibitory activity of ACZ01644 against CRISPR-Cas systems.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography for structural determination.
  • Biochemical assays to assess oligomerization and DNA cleavage inhibition.
  • In vitro testing of ACZ01644 against Cas9 activity.

Main Results:

  • ACZ01644 possesses a unique cone-shaped fold, distinct from known Acr families.
  • Biochemical analysis showed ACZ01644 forms a trimer in solution.
  • ACZ01644 did not inhibit Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • ACZ01644 represents a novel structural class of putative anti-CRISPR proteins.
  • Its lack of Cas9 inhibition suggests alternative functions or cofactor dependency.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the biological role of ACZ01644 in CRISPR-Cas regulation.