Consensus on Occupational Therapy for Refugee Children's Psychosocial Wellbeing in Schools

Refugee children face increased psychosocial risks due to displacement stressors. Limited evidence guides occupational therapists selecting effective intervention modalities for this population in high-income country (HIC) schools. This study focuses on middle childhood, a critical developmental stage.

To determine expert consensus on occupational therapy intervention modalities and approaches to promote psychosocial wellbeing with refugee children in middle childhood in schools.

A Delphi study was conducted with occupational therapy experts specializing in psychosocial practice with refugee children. A mixed-methods survey gathered expert opinions and prioritized intervention modalities and approaches suitable for school-based practice in HICs.

Strong consensus was reached on play, followed by creative therapies and client-centred approaches. Experts agreed on incorporating trauma-informed care, emotional regulation, counseling, and stress management strategies. Play supported social skills and taught cultural norms through games. Arts and crafts were the most endorsed creative activity. Play within counseling was an emerging theme. Safe spaces and therapeutic relationships were emphasized within trauma-informed practice.

The study identified expert-endorsed occupational therapy modalities and approaches for refugee children in schools.

Findings offer foundational guidance for intervention design and future research.