Light signal transduction networks regulating phenylpropanoid, terpenoid and alkaloid biosynthesis in horticultural
Yadi Chen1, Lanxi Shi1, Qingtao Xu1
1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Abstract:
Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), crucial for horticultural crop quality and value, are synthesized in an organ-specific manner and are highly regulated by light. Acting beyond a mere energy source for photosynthesis, light signals are detected by specialized photoreceptors (e.g., phytochromes, cryptochromes, UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8), triggering signaling cascades that converge on central regulators including the COP1-SPA complex and the transcription factor HY5. These regulators interact with a broad network of transcription factors, such as MYBs, bHLHs, BBXs, and PIFs, as well as epigenetic modifications, to precisely direct the transcriptional programs governing phenylpropanoid, terpenoid, and alkaloid metabolism. This review synthesizes these molecular mechanisms and discusses their implications for designing precise lighting strategies to enhance the quality and value of horticultural products in controlled-environment agriculture, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for light-quality regulation.
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