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Related Concept Videos

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging for In Vivo Measuring of Myelin Content in the Lysolecithin Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis
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Assessing small-lesion detectability and acquisition time optimisation in silicon-detector-Based PET: a phantom

Nicholas Leybourne1,2, Vineet Prakash3, Mohammad Hussein4

  • 1Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Guildford, GU2 7XH, Surrey, Northern Ireland, UK. nl00362@surrey.ac.uk.

EJNMMI Physics
|December 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM)-based Positron Emission Tomography (PET) systems offer superior small lesion detectability compared to photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based systems. This advancement allows for shorter acquisition times and improved imaging of smaller, less active regions.

Keywords:
Acquisition time reductionImage qualityPET/CT imagingPhantom imagingScanner performanceSilicon photomultipliersSmall-lesion detection

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Detector Technology

Background:

  • Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors are increasingly replacing conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) systems.
  • This transition has led to significant enhancements in overall PET system performance.
  • Assessing small-lesion detectability is crucial for evaluating PET system efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the small-lesion detectability of SiPM-based and PMT-based PET systems.
  • To evaluate the impact of varying inhomogeneity sizes, acquisition times, and activity contrasts on lesion detection.
  • To provide guidance on optimizing acquisition times for improved PET imaging.

Main Methods:

  • A NEMA/IEC PET Body Phantom with six spheres (4.0–13.0 mm diameter) was used.
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose was employed with varying sphere-to-background activity concentration ratios (4–20).
  • Scans were conducted on both SiPM and PMT PET systems with acquisition times of 1–10 minutes; images were reconstructed using QClear and analyzed for lesion detectability.

Main Results:

  • The SiPM-based PET system demonstrated superior lesion detectability, identifying smaller and less active spheres more effectively than the PMT-based system.
  • For a 6.2 mm sphere with a 10:1 activity ratio, the SiPM system achieved a higher contrast-to-noise ratio (15.8 vs. 12.0) and Likert score (3 vs. 2).
  • Acquisition times could be reduced by up to 89% with the SiPM system, depending on sphere size and activity contrast.

Conclusions:

  • SiPM-based PET systems significantly enhance small lesion detectability, particularly for smaller, less active regions and shorter scan durations.
  • A five-point Likert scale effectively measures lesion detectability.
  • The study offers guidance for selecting appropriate acquisition times based on lesion characteristics and for updating image quality testing protocols.