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Updated: Jan 7, 2026
Lung microRNA Profiling Across the Estrous Cycle in Ozone-exposed Mice
Published on: January 7, 2019
Similar global transcription patterns in mouse lung tissue following pulmonary exposure to renewable and conventional
Anda R Gliga1, Sarah McCarrick1, Vilhelm Malmborg2
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
Renewable diesel fuels may reduce greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter compared to fossil diesel, but the toxicity of their combustion products remains unclear. This study assessed pulmonary effects of renewable diesel exhaust particles in female C57BL/6NTac mice after single intratracheal instillation (6, 18, or 54 µg/mouse). Particles were generated from renewable fuels (rapeseed methyl ester, RME; hydrogen-treated vegetable oil, HVO) and petroleum diesel (DEP) using a modern heavy-duty diesel engine. Lung tissue was analysed via RNA sequencing one day post-exposure to identify differentially expressed genes, followed by pathway analysis and benchmark dose (BMD) modelling. Enriched pathways revealed similar toxicological profiles across fuels, involving immune response, extracellular matrix, and cardiovascular signalling. Pathway activation scores and BMDs indicated that HVO and DEP have similar pro-inflammatory potencies whereas RME was less potent. In conclusion, the similarity of the toxicological responses for renewable and traditional diesel exhaust particles raises health concerns for renewable diesels.
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