[Research progress in flavonoid apiosides from plants and their biosynthetic pathways]

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Flavonoid apiosides are a diverse class of natural glycosides with significant pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bone-promoting effects.
• Their therapeutic potential is currently limited by low natural abundance and complex chemical synthesis, hindering extensive research and development.
• The classification of flavonoid apiosides is based on their aglycone structures, encompassing flavanone, chalcone, flavone, flavonol, and isoflavone types.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the structural diversity, pharmacological activities, and biosynthesis of plant-derived flavonoid apiosides.
• To explore the potential of biosynthesis as a method for large-scale preparation of flavonoid apiosides.
• To provide insights for future development and application of flavonoid apiosides in medicine.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing research on flavonoid apiosides.
• Analysis of structural classifications and identified pharmacological properties.
• Examination of biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic discoveries.

Main Results:

• Flavonoid apiosides exhibit a wide range of beneficial pharmacological activities, suggesting significant medicinal prospects.
• Challenges in obtaining sufficient quantities of flavonoid apiosides through extraction or synthesis have been identified.
• The discovery of biosynthetic enzymes provides a foundation for biotechnological production.

Conclusions:

• Biosynthesis presents a viable strategy for overcoming the limitations of low yield and complex synthesis of flavonoid apiosides.
• Further research into biosynthesis can unlock the full therapeutic potential of these compounds.
• This review aims to facilitate the development and application of flavonoid apiosides.