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A Rapid Synthesis Method for Au, Pd, and Pt Aerogels Via Direct Solution-Based Reduction
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Synergistic High Entropy and Inductive Effects in Aerogels Accelerate pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution.

Nicole L D Sui1,2, Yinghao Li1, Yuntong Sun1

  • 1School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces high-entropy aerogel alloys for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysis across all pH levels. These advanced materials offer a promising strategy for developing robust and versatile HER electrocatalysts.

Keywords:
aerogelselectrocatalysishigh‐entropy alloyshydrogen evolution reactioninductive effectspH‐universal

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Developing efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) across the entire pH range is a significant scientific challenge.
  • Current electrocatalysts often exhibit pH-dependent performance, limiting their practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel class of high-entropy aerogel alloys with pH-universal HER performance.
  • To investigate the key features contributing to the enhanced electrocatalytic activity.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of high-entropy aerogel alloys.
  • Electrochemical measurements including overpotential determination at 10 mA cm⁻² in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media.
  • Analysis of structural and electronic properties to understand catalytic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The developed high-entropy aerogel alloys demonstrate remarkable and pH-universal HER performance.
  • The best-performing X-La (X = PtPdRuOs) aerogel exhibited low overpotentials of 2.3 mV (acidic), 28.8 mV (neutral), and 25.3 mV (alkaline) at 10 mA cm⁻².
  • The excellent activity is attributed to a porous architecture, high-entropy effects, and strong inductive effects.

Conclusions:

  • High-entropy aerogel alloys represent a promising design strategy for pH-universal HER electrocatalysts.
  • The synergistic effects within these materials significantly enhance catalytic activity and water activation.
  • This work paves the way for robust catalysts applicable in diverse electrochemical environments.