Gut and oral microbiome profiles in patients with obesity and ischemic heart disease

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and obesity are major contributors to global mortality. Both conditions are linked to systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and microbiota alterations. This study examines the relationship between the composition of the gut and oral microbiota, obesity, and IHD to gain insight into the interconnections between these factors.

The study included 182 participants divided into four groups based on obesity and IHD status. Anthropometric and biochemical analyses were performed. Oral and gut microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Obesity and IHD were associated with distinct microbiota compositions. Obesity-IHD subjects showed elevated levels of gut Streptococcus, Intestinibacter, alongside reduced Citrobacter, Ruthenibacterium, Parabacteroides, and Flavonifractor. The oral microbiota exhibited decreased Alloprevotella, Capnocytophaga, Prevotellamassilia, and Campylobacter in Obesity-IHD. Correlation analysis highlighted associations between microbial taxa (e.g., Blautia, Oscillibacter) and clinical parameters like BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol.

This study demonstrates that obesity and IHD are linked to unique microbiota alterations. Microbial dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of these conditions and should be considered as a therapeutic target in the development of personalized treatment strategies of the obesity and associated cardiovascular complications.