Nano-Enhanced Diets: Advancing Metabolic Dysfunction-Related Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) - A Review

Metabolic Dysfunction-Related Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a global health challenge requiring effective interventions. Although nutraceuticals possess strong hepatoprotective potential in vitro, their clinical efficacy is often hampered by fundamental formulation issues, such as poor solubility and oral bioavailability. To address these challenges, this review evaluates the translational potential of nano-based nutrient delivery systems, specifically platforms such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles. Through synthesis of in vivo evidence, we analyze how these platforms modify pharmacokinetic parameters to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical evidence indicates that nanoplatforms significantly improve solubility and stability, which directly correlate with superior therapeutic outcomes in animal models (including reduced steatosis and fibrosis) compared to conventional compounds. However, the transition to clinical applications remains hampered by a lack of long-term safety data (nanotoxicity) and scalability issues. The future of this field is predicted to lie in the development of green nanotechnology utilizing sustainable and economically viable "food-grade" (GRAS) biopolymers.