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Psychosocial Factors Associated With Higher Functioning After Interpersonal Adversity: A National Cross-Sectional
Sherry Hamby1, Xiafei Wang2, Elizabeth Taylor3
1University of the South & Life Paths Research Center, Sewanee, TN, USA.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
|December 29, 2025
Summary
Certain psychosocial strengths significantly boost resilience and wellbeing after adversity. However, some strengths may unexpectedly hinder recovery, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for trauma survivors.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Positive Psychology
- Resilience Research
Background:
- Numerous psychosocial strengths are recognized in positive psychology and resilience literature.
- Identifying the most effective strengths for overcoming adversity and achieving wellbeing remains a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify which psychosocial strengths are most closely associated with thriving after adversity.
- To integrate measures from two common strengths frameworks to assess their impact on resilience.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 6,430 U.S. participants who completed the Values in Action (VIA) questionnaire.
- Assessment of five psychosocial strengths, two types of adversities (interpersonal victimization and institutional betrayal), and three measures of current functioning (subjective wellbeing, health-related quality of life, posttraumatic growth).
- Logistic regression analyses were employed to determine associations between strengths and functioning.
Main Results:
- Higher levels of sense of purpose, hope, psychological endurance, zest, self-regulation, social support, and gratitude were linked to better overall functioning.
- Several strengths, including humor, mindfulness, and bravery, were associated with at least one positive outcome.
- Unexpectedly, strengths like judgment, prudence, and creativity were associated with poorer functioning in some analyses. Institutional betrayal uniquely impacted wellbeing and quality of life.
Conclusions:
- Not all psychosocial strengths equally contribute to resilience; some may present unexpected burdens.
- Understanding the differential impact of strengths is crucial for developing effective interventions for trauma survivors.
- A science of healing can guide the identification of optimal intervention targets for individuals exposed to trauma.
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