Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based-Regenerative Therapy in Atherosclerosis: an Updated Review

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Cardiovascular Research
• Stem Cell Biology

Background:

• Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque buildup in arteries.
• Current treatments for atherosclerosis focus on risk factor management and plaque stabilization, with limited regenerative options.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated overview of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based regenerative therapies for atherosclerosis.
• To explore the mechanisms of action, recent advancements, and challenges in applying MSCs to treat atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes findings from recent preclinical and clinical studies on MSCs in atherosclerosis.
• It examines various MSC application strategies, including direct administration and biomaterial-based delivery systems.

Main Results:

• MSCs demonstrate potential in modulating inflammation, promoting vascular repair, and reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation.
• Novel approaches like hypoxia-conditioned MSCs and combination therapies show promising preclinical results.
• Existing research highlights the therapeutic capacity of MSCs in preclinical atherosclerosis models.

Conclusions:

• MSC-based therapies represent a promising avenue for treating atherosclerosis.
• Further clinical trials are crucial to establish the safety and efficacy of MSC treatments.
• Future research should optimize MSC delivery and investigate long-term outcomes for atherosclerosis patients.