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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Photogrammetry and Videogrammetry 3D Scanning Algorithm in Endoscopic Endonasal Pituitary Surgery: Anatomy Laboratory

Matteo de Notaris1,2,3, Toma Spiriev4, Matteo De Simone1,2,5

  • 1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.

Operative Neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)
|December 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Photogrammetry (PGM) and videogrammetry (VGM) create interactive 3D models for endoscopic endonasal surgery (EEA). This efficient, sterile method enhances surgical documentation and training for pituitary tumor treatment.

Keywords:
3D modelsEEAEducationEndoscopyPhotogrammetryPituitaryVideogrammetry

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Surgical Technology

Background:

  • Endoscopic endonasal surgery (EEA) is a standard pituitary tumor treatment.
  • Requires specialized setup, skills, and protocols.
  • Need for efficient, sterile 3D modeling during surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Optimize photogrammetry (PGM) and videogrammetry (VGM) algorithms for intraoperative 3D model generation in EEA.
  • Maintain surgical efficiency, sterility, and data privacy.
  • Develop interactive 3D models of key surgical steps.

Main Methods:

  • PGM and VGM algorithms refined in anatomy lab using photographs and video.
  • Smartphone camera (photos, LiDAR) and endoscope video used intraoperatively.
  • Dedicated PGM software utilized for 3D model creation.

Main Results:

  • Six detailed 3D anatomic and intraoperative models created.
  • Models illustrated surgical steps, landmarks, and operative environment.
  • Intraoperative sterility and efficiency were maintained.

Conclusions:

  • PGM and VGM provide effective intraoperative 3D data acquisition for EEA.
  • Enhanced surgical documentation and training through high-resolution, interactive models.
  • Improved understanding of operative corridor and critical steps without compromising safety or time.