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Prevalence and incidence of Coats disease in a large claims database

Nobuhisa Ochiai1, Kenji Fujimoto2, Kazuma Oku1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.

Plos One
|December 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This study found Coats disease is more prevalent in children than adults, with higher incidence and treatment rates in younger individuals. The research analyzed data from the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) claims database.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Epidemiology
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Coats disease is a rare, idiopathic retinal vascular disorder.
  • Understanding its prevalence and incidence is crucial for public health and resource allocation.
  • Previous epidemiological data on Coats disease is limited, particularly from large claims databases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and incidence of Coats disease within the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) claims database.
  • To analyze age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence rates.
  • To assess the treatment rates for Coats disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the JMDC claims database (2019-2023).
  • Inclusion of patients diagnosed with Coats disease.
  • Calculation of age-adjusted prevalence and incidence rates per 100,000 individuals.
  • Determination of treatment rates based on retinal photocoagulation or vitrectomy.

Main Results:

  • The age-adjusted prevalence of Coats disease was 1.7/100,000, with higher rates in males (2.4/100,000) than females (0.9/100,000).
  • Prevalence and incidence were approximately double in children (<20 years) compared to adults (≥20 years).
  • Children had a higher treatment rate (28.0%) than adults (18.2%).

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first epidemiological data on Coats disease from the JMDC claims database.
  • Coats disease affects children more than adults, with higher incidence and prevalence in the pediatric population.
  • Treatment rates differ significantly between pediatric and adult patients.
Abstract

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