Serological and viral prevalence of Oropouche virus (OROV): A systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000-2024 including human, animal, and vector surveillance studies
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Oropouche virus (OROV) is a growing arbovirus threat in South America. This review reveals limited OROV prevalence data due to surveillance gaps, emphasizing the need for standardized methods and expanded research.
Area Of Science
- Public Health
- Virology
- Epidemiology
Background
- Oropouche virus (OROV) is an emerging arbovirus transmitted by biting midges, posing a significant public health concern in Central and South America.
- Confirmed OROV cases have surged tenfold in 2024, yet transmission dynamics and the full disease burden are poorly understood due to diagnostic and surveillance challenges.
Purpose Of The Study
- To systematically review and meta-analyze OROV prevalence data in humans, vectors, and animal hosts from 2000-2024.
- To provide updated prevalence estimates and identify critical gaps in OROV surveillance.
Main Methods
- Systematic literature search across multiple databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Medline, LILACS) up to September 2024.
- Meta-analysis of OROV seroprevalence and viral prevalence data using generalized linear mixed-effects models.
- Risk of bias assessment using a modified Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.
Main Results
- Included 71 articles across nine countries; pooled human seroprevalence was 12.6% in symptomatic and 1.1% in asymptomatic individuals.
- Viral prevalence was 1.5% in symptomatic individuals across seven South American countries and Haiti.
- Moderate to high risk of bias was noted in most human, animal, and vector studies, with limited data on vectors (Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus) and notable host prevalence in dogs (10.0%) and cattle (7.5%).
Conclusions
- OROV prevalence estimates are constrained by sparse surveillance and methodological inconsistencies.
- Urgent need for standardized diagnostic assays, community-based research, and enhanced surveillance in animal and vector populations.
- A One Health approach is crucial for effective OROV monitoring and regional preparedness.
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