Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:

Signal Transduction: Overview

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...

Intracellular Hormone Receptors

Intracellular Hormone Receptors

Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors act as transcription factors that regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in the target cell

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...

Internal Receptors

Internal Receptors

Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2026

Same author

Discovery of a sulfotyrosine-motif in the human TrkB extracellular domain required for agonist activation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Beyond aldosterone and renin: emerging biomarkers for diagnosing and subtyping primary aldosteronism.

Endocrine reviews·2026

Same author

Activation of TREK-1 and TREK-2 Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels by the K<sub>v</sub>4 Channel Modulator, NS5806.

Pharmacology research & perspectives·2026

Same author

Prevalence, clinical characteristics and management of low-renin hypertension: a real-world cohort study.

Journal of human hypertension·2026

Same author

Updated BJP guidelines for transparent and rigorous natural product research.

British journal of pharmacology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2025/26: Nuclear hormone receptors.

Stephen P H Alexander¹, John A Cidlowski², Alasdair J Gibb³

¹Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.

British Journal of Pharmacology

|December 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2025/26 offers a stable, citable record of human drug targets and their interactions. This essential pharmacology resource provides expert-curated recommendations for selective pharmacological tools.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Imaging and Quantification of the Drug Targeting Efficiency of Fluorescently Labeled GnRH Analogues

In Vitro Imaging and Quantification of the Drug Targeting Efficiency of Fluorescently Labeled GnRH Analogues

Published on: March 21, 2017

Small-scale Nuclear Extracts for Functional Assays of Gene-expression Machineries

Small-scale Nuclear Extracts for Functional Assays of Gene-expression Machineries

Published on: June 27, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

In Vitro Imaging and Quantification of the Drug Targeting Efficiency of Fluorescently Labeled GnRH Analogues

In Vitro Imaging and Quantification of the Drug Targeting Efficiency of Fluorescently Labeled GnRH Analogues

Published on: March 21, 2017

Small-scale Nuclear Extracts for Functional Assays of Gene-expression Machineries

Small-scale Nuclear Extracts for Functional Assays of Gene-expression Machineries

Published on: June 27, 2012

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Drug Discovery
Biomedical Sciences

Background:

The British Journal of Pharmacology publishes biennial updates to its Concise Guide to Pharmacology.
The guide provides a comparative overview of drug target families and their pharmacology.
Previous editions include Guides to Receptors and Channels.

Purpose of the Study:

To present the seventh edition of the Concise Guide to Pharmacology (2025/26).
To offer a stable, citable, point-in-time record of pharmacological information.
To provide expert-curated recommendations for selective pharmacological tools.

Main Methods:

Summarizing key pharmacological properties of approximately 1900 human drug targets.
Detailing nearly 7000 interactions involving around 4400 ligands.
Condensing information from the comprehensive www.guidetopharmacology.org website.

Main Results:

The 2025/26 edition covers six major target families: G protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, catalytic receptors, enzymes, transporters, and nuclear hormone receptors.
It includes official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets.
Provides guidance on nomenclature, summaries of pharmacological tools, key references, and further reading suggestions.

Conclusions:

The Concise Guide serves as a permanent, accessible, and well-structured reference for pharmacology.
It supersedes all previous editions, offering the most current information as of mid-2025.
The guide facilitates the identification of individual drug targets or families using recommended tools.