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Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis in Tyrol, Austria: Epidemiology, Clinical Profile and Treatment Patterns from a

Christian Lechner1, Christopher Schoedl1, Markus Breu2

  • 1Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) incidence in Tyrol, Austria, is higher than previously reported European rates. Early diagnosis and treatment are linked to favorable short-term outcomes for children with POMS.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disease affecting children and adolescents.
  • While POMS incidence is rising globally, regional data for Austria were previously lacking.
  • This study addresses the need for Austrian data on POMS epidemiology and clinical features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and prevalence of POMS in Tyrol, Austria.
  • To characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and short-term outcomes of POMS in this region.
  • To compare Austrian POMS data with existing European cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with POMS before age 18 between 2015 and 2024.
  • Diagnosis confirmation using McDonald criteria (2010/2017) and re-evaluation with 2024 revisions.
  • Systematic review of demographic, clinical, CSF, and MRI data; incidence and prevalence calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-nine new POMS cases were identified, with a 10-year incidence of 2.19/100,000 person-years and a prevalence of 6.7/100,000 children.
  • Predominant onset symptoms included sensory (55%) and visual (31%) disturbances.
  • CSF analysis revealed pleocytosis (93%) and oligoclonal bands (100%); MRI showed frequent supratentorial (97%) and spinal (73%) lesions.

Conclusions:

  • This study establishes the first regional POMS incidence and prevalence data for Austria, indicating rates within the upper European range.
  • The findings underscore the importance of early recognition and structured diagnostics for POMS.
  • Timely initiation of disease-modifying therapy is associated with favorable short-term outcomes in pediatric MS patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Austriaepidemiologyincidencepediatric neuro-immunological disorderspediatric-onset multiple sclerosis

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