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Design and Optimization Strategies of a High-Performance Vented Box
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CFD Application to Poultry Crate Design Improving Internal Airflow Velocities.

Victor Abreu de Lima1, Jasson Fernandez Gurgel1, Daniel Gurgel Pinheiro2

  • 1Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60450-760, CE, Brazil.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Improved poultry transport crates can enhance bird welfare by increasing airflow and reducing heat stress. Alternative crate designs show promise in maintaining better thermal conditions during transport, leading to improved animal well-being.

Keywords:
animal welfarecontainerlive transportpoultrythermal stress

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Engineering
  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Aerodynamics

Background:

  • Poultry transport faces animal welfare challenges, especially heat stress during travel.
  • Limited research exists on engineering solutions for poultry transport crates to mitigate heat stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate four virtual poultry transport crate models for improved thermal comfort and internal airflow.
  • To assess the potential of modified crate designs to reduce heat stress in poultry during transport.

Main Methods:

  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed for four crate models under varying transport speeds.
  • Reduced-scale prototypes were tested in wind tunnels, complementing CFD analysis.
  • Thermal comfort indices, airflow velocity, temperature, and humidity were measured.

Main Results:

  • Alternative crate 3 (AC3) demonstrated superior internal average airflow velocities (IAFV), with a 32.85% increase over conventional crates at 60 km/h.
  • AC3 exhibited lower air temperature and relative humidity compared to other designs.
  • AC3 showed the lowest Thermal Humidity Index (THI) and enthalpy, indicating a less stressful microclimate for poultry.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized poultry crate geometry and increased ventilation surfaces can enhance airflow and reduce heat accumulation.
  • The AC3 design shows significant potential for improving thermal conditions and animal welfare during poultry transport.
  • Further validation with live birds and full-scale simulations is recommended to confirm benefits under commercial conditions.