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Related Experiment Video

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Transposable Elements Regulate Tail Development and Fat Deposition in Sheep Fetuses.

Qianqian Liang1, Haichen Yang1, Huajiao Dong1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transposable elements (TEs) significantly influence sheep tail development, with specific elements like SINE/MIR, L1, and BovB showing stage-specific expression. These TEs are linked to tail elongation and fat deposition, offering insights for sheep breeding.

Keywords:
RNA-seqembryogenesisovine fetustail developmenttransposable elements

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Evolution

Background:

  • Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences with known roles in various physiological processes.
  • The specific functions of TEs in mammalian tail development are not well understood.
  • Understanding TE regulation is crucial for deciphering developmental mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns and regulatory roles of TEs during sheep tail development.
  • To identify specific TEs involved in key developmental stages and processes.
  • To provide insights into the genetic basis of tail phenotypes in sheep.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to analyze gene expression profiles.
  • The TEtranscripts pipeline was utilized to identify and quantify differentially expressed TEs.
  • Bioinformatic analyses, including pathway enrichment, were performed to correlate TE activity with gene expression and developmental functions.

Main Results:

  • Significant stage-specific expression was observed for SINE/MIR, L1, and BovB elements.
  • A dynamic number of differentially expressed TEs were identified across developmental stages (2129 and 5554 between specific stages).
  • TEs located in intergenic regions, introns, and 3'UTRs showed expression trends consistent with adjacent genes, implicating them in tail elongation and fat formation, with specific candidates identified for vertebra formation and fat deposition.

Conclusions:

  • Transposable elements play a significant, previously underappreciated role in sheep tail development.
  • Specific TEs are dynamically regulated and associated with key developmental processes like tail elongation and fat deposition.
  • This research offers valuable genetic information for improving sheep breeding programs by understanding TE-mediated trait variation.