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Quantified Assessment of Infant's Gross Motor Abilities Using a Multisensor Wearable

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Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-Second Edition: A Reliable Tool for Assessing Motor Development in Children.

Anna Chałupka-Borowska¹, Magdalena Sobieska¹

¹Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|December 30, 2025

Summary

The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-Second Edition (PDMS-2) is a reliable tool for assessing motor skills in children. It aids in early identification of developmental delays and supports therapeutic planning.

Keywords:

PDMS-2 assessment motor development pediatrics reliability validity

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Area of Science:

Developmental Pediatrics
Motor Development Assessment
Psychometrics

Background:

Early identification of motor difficulties is crucial for infant and early childhood development.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends routine motor surveillance during clinical visits.
The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-Second Edition (PDMS-2) is a standard tool for evaluating motor development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the theoretical basis and psychometric properties of the PDMS-2.
To summarize administration, scoring, and validation studies of the PDMS-2.
To assess the global application and standardization of the PDMS-2.

Main Methods:

Non-systematic literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (2000-2025).
Keywords included "PDMS-2" or "Peabody Developmental Motor Scales Second Edition" combined with "reliability", "validity", "norms", "reference", or "standardization".
Included original and review articles in English without geographical restrictions.

Main Results:

The PDMS-2 is extensively used in clinical practice and research across diverse populations.
It serves as an outcome measure in studies involving various pediatric conditions and typically developing children.
Key strengths include a wide age range, assessment of gross and fine motor skills, and quantitative scoring.

Conclusions:

The PDMS-2 is a valuable tool for diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring motor development.
While validated globally, further standardization is needed for underrepresented populations.
Continued research and application of the PDMS-2 are essential for optimizing child motor development outcomes.