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Addressing Ancestral Underrepresentation in Oncobiology: The Need for Sub-Saharan African-Specific In Vitro Models.

Carla S Dos Santos1,2,3, Ana C Magalhães1,2, Ricardo J Pinto1,2,3

  • 1i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.

Genes
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer incidence is rising in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). New cancer cell lines (CCLs) from diverse SSA patients are needed to understand cancer

Keywords:
Sub-Saharan Africacancer cell linesconditional reprogrammingin vitro modelsoncology research

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cancer incidence is rapidly increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), posing a significant public health challenge.
  • Current genomic characterization and in vitro models of cancer in SSA populations are insufficient.
  • Publicly available cancer cell lines (CCLs) with SSA ancestry are limited, hindering research diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the disparity in cancer cell line representation for Sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations.
  • To emphasize the need for improved genomic characterization of SSA tumors.
  • To advocate for the establishment of diverse in vitro models using next-generation immortalization techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing next-generation immortalization methods, such as conditional reprogramming.
  • Establishing novel cancer cell lines (CCLs) from Sub-Saharan African (SSA) cancer patients.
  • Focusing on capturing the genetic and molecular diversity within the African continent.

Main Results:

  • The study highlights a critical gap in cancer cell line diversity, with only ~6% of publicly available CCLs representing SSA ancestry.
  • Conditional reprogramming offers a promising approach for generating diverse and representative cancer cell lines from SSA populations.
  • Research in SSA oncobiology can yield crucial insights into diverse cancer molecular pathways.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need to develop a broader range of cancer cell lines (CCLs) from Sub-Saharan African (SSA) individuals to improve cancer research.
  • Next-generation immortalization methods are essential for creating representative in vitro models.
  • Addressing these challenges is vital for advancing cancer understanding and therapeutic development in SSA.