Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

1.0K
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
1.0K
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

1.2K
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
1.2K
Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

4.0K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
4.0K
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

1.2K
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
1.2K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

49.6K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
49.6K
Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

3.4K
EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Copper Slag Cathodes for Eco-Friendly Hydrogen Generation: Corrosion and Electrochemical Insights for Saline Water Splitting.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Solar Panel Corrosion: A Review.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Computational Investigations, Thermal Properties, and Electrochemical Analysis of Two New Cu(II) and Co(II) Coordination Polymers with the Ligand 5-Methyl-1-(pyridine-4-yl-methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Cellular Automaton Simulation of Corrosion in 347H Steel Exposed to Molten Solar Salt at Pilot-Plant Scale.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Systematic Approach to Negative Fukui Functions: Its Association with Nitro Groups in Aromatic Systems.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Contribution of Copper Slag to Water Treatment and Hydrogen Production by Photocatalytic Mechanisms in Aqueous Solutions: A Mini Review.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
11:04

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

9.7K

Metal-Assisted Deprotonation as a Key Step in Selective Copper Extraction: A Theoretical and Experimental Study.

Rene Maurelia1, Pedro Pablo Zamora1, Felipe M Galleguillos Madrid2

  • 1Departamento de Química y Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Atacama, Av. Copayapu 485, Copiapó 1530000, Chile.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces HDDMP, a novel ligand that selectively extracts copper ions from acidic mining solutions. Its unique coordination mechanism enhances copper recovery, minimizing reagent use in mining operations.

Keywords:
DFTFukui-functionreaction intermediate

More Related Videos

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
11:04

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

9.7K
Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Growing demand for copper necessitates efficient and environmentally sound recovery methods.
  • Conventional methods face limitations, driving the need for advanced extractants in acidic mining solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coordination and extraction behavior of Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Cd2+ with the ligand HDDMP (4-hexyl-dithiocarboxylate-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole).
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms behind HDDMP's selectivity for copper ions in acidic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Combined experimental (solvent-extraction tests) and theoretical (Density Functional Theory - DFT calculations) approaches.
  • Analysis of metal ion coordination complexes under varying pH conditions.

Main Results:

  • HDDMP efficiently extracts copper (Cu2+) even at pH ≈ 0, forming stable coordination complexes.
  • Ni2+, Co2+, and Cd2+ require higher pH values for efficient extraction by HDDMP.
  • DFT calculations reveal a spontaneous, low-barrier deprotonation-coordination mechanism for Cu2+ with HDDMP, driven by strong Cu-S orbital interactions.

Conclusions:

  • HDDMP exhibits exceptional selectivity for copper due to a unique mechanism where the copper ion acts as both a coordinating center and a deprotonating agent.
  • Findings provide a molecular basis for designing novel extractants for hydrometallurgical applications.
  • This research offers direct industrial relevance for improving selectivity and minimizing reagent consumption in acidic copper-recovery circuits within mining operations.