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Related Concept Videos

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
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Related Experiment Video

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Impact of a nomogram-based antibiotic decision-making pathway on prophylactic antibiotic use in acute pancreatitis

Jing Guo1, Wei Xiao, Jinghong Han

  • 1Surgery Department of Yanshan People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China.

Medicine
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a predictive model to identify infection risk in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The nomogram aids in antibiotic decisions, potentially reducing unnecessary use and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
acute pancreatitisantibiotic decision-makinginfection predictionnomogramsystemic inflammatory response syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Predictive Analytics

Background:

  • Acute pancreatitis (AP) with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) carries a high risk of infection.
  • Early identification of infection risk is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
  • Current methods for predicting infection in AP with SIRS may lack precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a multivariable predictive model (nomogram) for early infection risk identification in AP patients with SIRS.
  • To assess the clinical impact of a nomogram-based antibiotic decision-making pathway on prophylactic antibiotic use.
  • To compare clinical outcomes between infected and non-infected patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 200 AP patients with SIRS.
  • Multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of infection.
  • Construction and performance evaluation of a predictive nomogram using ROC curve, calibration, and decision curve analysis.
  • Comparison of clinical outcomes (antibiotic use, ICU admission, mortality, hospital stay) between infected and non-infected groups.

Main Results:

  • The nomogram identified AP specific physiology and inflammation markers (APACHE II score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, procalcitonin, CRP, PaO2) as key infection predictors.
  • The nomogram demonstrated good predictive performance (AUC=0.82) and satisfactory calibration.
  • Infected patients exhibited significantly higher rates of antibiotic use, ICU admission, 28-day mortality, and longer hospital stays compared to non-infected patients.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nomogram is an accurate and practical tool for early infection risk prediction in AP patients with SIRS.
  • A nomogram-based antibiotic decision pathway can potentially reduce unnecessary prophylactic antibiotic use.
  • Implementation of this tool may lead to improved clinical decision-making and optimized patient outcomes in AP with SIRS.