A Qualitative Inquiry Into Sarcopenia Among Formerly Homeless Older Thais

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Public Health
• Socioeconomic Health Disparities

Background:

• Sarcopenia poses a significant health challenge for older adults, particularly those experiencing homelessness.
• Supportive housing offers a unique environment to study and address health conditions in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify the conditions associated with sarcopenia among older, formerly homeless individuals in Thai supportive housing.
• To inform the development of targeted interventions and policies for sarcopenia management in this demographic.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing comprehensive interviews and focus group discussions.
• Data were collected from March to June 2024 and analyzed using content analysis methodologies.

Main Results:

• Two primary themes emerged: 'insufficiency' (deficient knowledge, poor diet, oral health, physical activity, and care systems) and 'the price of plenty' (high carbohydrate intake, poorly prepared food, comorbidities, and inactivity).
• Participants (n=28, age 31-83) highlighted issues like limited dietary intake, poor oral health, and insufficient physical activity as key contributors to sarcopenia.
• Substandard sarcopenia care systems and the impact of comorbid health conditions were also identified as significant factors.

Conclusions:

• The findings underscore the complex interplay of nutritional, physical, and systemic factors contributing to sarcopenia in formerly homeless older adults.
• The absence of nursing roles in supportive housing settings hinders person-centered care, necessitating integration to address complex health needs.
• This study provides foundational insights for sarcopenia management, policy development, and prevention strategies within this underserved population in Thailand.