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Evaluating osteointegration of implants with low insertion torque in soft bone.

Nazia Afreen1, Ankita Barodiya2, Ramjee Lal Raigar3

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, AI Badar Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.

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Summary

Low insertion torque (LIT) implants in sheep bone show comparable osteointegration to high insertion torque (HIT) implants. LIT reduces surgical trauma in soft bone without compromising long-term implant stability.

Keywords:
Dental implantsanimal modelinsertion torqueosseointegrationprimary stabilitysoft bone

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Dental Implantology

Background:

  • Achieving primary stability in low-density bone presents a significant challenge in implant dentistry.
  • High insertion torque (HIT) can lead to detrimental micro-damage in the surrounding bone tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the osteointegration of dental implants placed using low insertion torque (LIT, 15-25 Ncm) versus HIT (35-45 Ncm).
  • To evaluate the long-term stability and bone healing around implants in a sheep femoral condyle model.

Main Methods:

  • Implants were placed in sheep femoral condyles using either LIT or HIT protocols.
  • Osteointegration was assessed at 12 weeks post-implantation.
  • Key metrics included bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in BIC (58.3% vs. 62.1%, p=0.18) between LIT and HIT groups.
  • Bone volume fraction was also comparable (35.4% vs. 38.2%, p=0.22) at 12 weeks.
  • While initial stability was lower with LIT, it equalized with HIT by the 12-week assessment.

Conclusions:

  • LIT implants achieve comparable osteointegration and long-term stability to HIT implants in low-density bone.
  • LIT is a viable option to minimize surgical trauma and bone damage during implant placement in compromised bone quality.
  • These findings support the use of LIT to improve patient outcomes in challenging bone conditions.