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Updated: Jan 7, 2026
Mouse Model of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease with Fibrosis
Published on: July 18, 2025
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis are Associated with Advanced
Shidi Hu1,2, Dongmei Wang1, Qingtao Yu1
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Purpose:
Despite the pathophysiologic overlap between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, MASLD has not been incorporated into the current CKM framework. This study examined the associations of MASLD and MASLD-related fibrosis with advanced CKM syndrome in Chinese and US populations.
Patients And Methods:
We enrolled 6186 participants in a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in China, with validation utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Advanced CKM syndrome was defined as stages 3 and 4. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were assessed via vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were employed.
Results:
Advanced CKM syndrome was present in 8.8% of the Chinese and 14.9% of the US populations. MASLD participants exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of advanced CKM than those without (China: 12.6% vs 6.4%; US: 21.5% vs 9.9%). In addition, participants with MASLD were associated with increased odds of advanced CKM (China: OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.64-2.58; US: OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.22-2.10; both P < 0.01). Among participants with MASLD, advanced CKM syndrome was more prevalent in participants with fibrosis than without (China: 17.1% vs 11.2%; US: 28.4% vs 20.1%). MASLD-related fibrosis was also independently linked to higher odds of advanced CKM compared to non-fibrotic MASLD (China: OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.09-2.18; US: OR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.05; both P < 0.05). Furthermore, RCS analysis revealed a positive linear relationship of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) values with the prevalence of advanced CKM syndrome (P non-linear >0.05).
Conclusion:
MASLD and MASLD-related fibrosis were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of advanced CKM syndrome, and higher CAP/LSM levels showed linear associations with advanced CKM syndrome in both Chinese and US populations. These findings support evaluating liver health (eg, CAP/LSM) when risk-stratifying CKM syndrome.
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