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Inner ear organoids: Recent progress and potential applications.

Yiyun Lou1,2, Yaoqian Liu1,2, Mingxuan Wu1,2

  • 1ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.

Fundamental Research
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Inner ear organoids offer a promising model for studying hearing and balance disorders. This review details their development, applications in modeling diseases like hereditary deafness, and strategies for hair cell regeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The inner ear, crucial for hearing and balance, is anatomically complex and difficult to study.
  • Organoids provide a valuable model for investigating inner ear development and diseases.
  • Inner ear organoid research is advancing therapeutic strategies for auditory and vestibular disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development and progress of inner ear organoid research.
  • To summarize cell sources and matrix components used in organoid formation.
  • To explore the applications of inner ear organoids in understanding development, disease modeling, and regenerative therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on inner ear organoid research.
Keywords:
3D cultureHair cellInner earOrganoidStem cell

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  • Summarization of cell sources, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and primary progenitor cells.
  • Analysis of organoid applications in developmental studies, hereditary deafness modeling, and hair cell regeneration.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed history of inner ear organoids derived from PSCs and primary cells.
    • Elaboration on organoid applications for inner ear development and hereditary deafness modeling.
    • Identification of strategies for hair cell (HC) regeneration using organoid models.

    Conclusions:

    • Inner ear organoids are vital tools for advancing our understanding of inner ear biology and pathology.
    • Current limitations in culture methods and applications necessitate further optimization for translational use.
    • Future prospects focus on developing next-generation organoids for enhanced therapeutic applications in inner ear disorders.