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Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Giant Prolactinoma: Challenges in Management.

Sapna Sharma¹, Madhav Acharya¹, Chheki Sherpa¹

¹Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tower Health/Reading Hospital, Reading, Pennsylvania.

AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes

|December 30, 2025

Summary

Giant prolactinomas, rare pituitary tumors, present management challenges. This case shows a giant prolactinoma initially treated with cabergoline, complicated by hemorrhage requiring surgery.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Neurosurgery
Oncology

Background:

Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary adenomas, typically microadenomas.

Keywords:

apoplexy cabergoline central hypogonadism giant prolactinoma pituitary tumor transsphenoidal surgery treatment resistance visual field defect

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Giant prolactinomas (>4 cm, prolactin >1000 ng/mL) are rare and pose management challenges.

Optic nerve compression is a significant complication of large pituitary tumors.