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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
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Prostate cancer screening.

Rodrigo España Navarro1, Daniel Antonio González-Padilla2, José Daniel Subiela3

  • 1Department of Urology, Regional University Hospital, Málaga University, Málaga, Andalucía, Spain.

Asian Journal of Urology
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Prostate cancer screening reduces mortality but carries risks. Shared decision-making and new tools like MRI and biomarkers are key for personalized, precision screening strategies.

Keywords:
Early detectionProstate cancerProstate-specific antigenRandomized controlled trialScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) screening has evolved significantly since the introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.
  • Current screening practices face challenges related to efficacy, risks, and overdiagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and future directions of prostate cancer screening.
  • To evaluate the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PCa screening and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of high-quality randomized controlled trials and cohort studies focused on PCa screening and treatment.
  • Analysis of population-based trials involving men at average risk for PCa.

Main Results:

  • PSA-based screening has shown a reduction in PCa mortality over 10 years but is associated with risks.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) shows promise in targeted diagnostics and screening programs.
  • Major society guidelines and risk-adapted strategies are evolving towards precision medicine.

Conclusions:

  • PCa screening offers mortality benefits, necessitating shared decision-making between patients and clinicians.
  • Emerging technologies like MRI, genetic panels, and biomarkers aim to mitigate screening harms and overdiagnosis.
  • Individualized, risk-adapted approaches are crucial for guiding PCa clinical pathways.