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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Dissociation and Personality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Owen R Sterck1, David H Gleaves1, Bennett A A Reisinger1

  • 1University of South Australia, Justice & Society, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation : the Official Journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD)
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study clarifies the link between dissociation and personality. Findings reveal dissociation is largely independent of the Five-Factor Model personality traits, despite numerous identified relationships.

Keywords:
Systematic reviewdissociationmeta-analysispersonality

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Decades of research have explored dissociation and personality, but findings remain unclear due to methodological limitations.
  • Previous studies suffered from sampling errors, small sample sizes, and varied methodologies, preventing precise estimation of dissociation-personality relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the relationships between dissociation and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality domains.
  • To provide a clearer understanding of how dissociation relates to broad personality constructs.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review and 20 meta-analyses of 23 primary studies on dissociation and FFM personality.
  • Coded effect size data, moderator information, and methodological quality for included studies.
  • Examined relationships between dissociation total scores and FFM domains, and investigated moderating effects.

Main Results:

  • Identified 19 statistically significant relationships between dissociation and FFM personality domains.
  • Found significant correlations between dissociation and neuroticism (r=.24), extraversion (r=-.07), openness (r=.10), agreeableness (r=-.15), and conscientiousness (r=-.21).
  • Clinical status, gender, and measurement tools moderated some dissociation-personality relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Dissociation appears relatively independent of trait-model personality, particularly the FFM.
  • Despite significant correlations, the overall independence suggests dissociation is a distinct construct.
  • This meta-analysis provides a more precise estimation of dissociation-personality links, clarifying previous ambiguities.