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Efficient technologies for optimizing water use in multifamily buildings.

Christian J Carrasco-Ahen1, Jeronimo Quintasi-Quispe1, Gabriela Palacios-Ticona1

  • 1Catholic University of Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú.

Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates that integrating water-saving technologies in multifamily buildings significantly cuts water use and costs. Efficient systems reduced consumption by 22% and bills by 41%, recovering substantial water volumes.

Keywords:
Reutilización de aguas residualesWastewater reuseaprovechamiento del agua de lluviaconservación del aguaedificios residenciales multifamiliaresefficient technologiesmultifamily residential buildingsrainwater harvestingtecnologías eficienteswater conservation

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Urban Water Management
  • Sustainable Building Technologies

Background:

  • Residential water use is often inefficient due to design flaws and standard fixtures.
  • Integrated water conservation strategies are hindered by conventional sanitary installations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a package of efficient technologies for optimizing water use in a multifamily building.
  • To assess the combined impact of graywater reuse, rainwater harvesting, and other water-saving fixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive study over 6 months.
  • Comparison of baseline water use with an integrated efficient technology configuration.
  • Monitoring water consumption, expenditure, and recovered water volumes.

Main Results:

  • Average monthly water consumption decreased by approximately 22%.
  • Average monthly water billing decreased by approximately 41%.
  • Over 200 cubic meters of gray and rainwater were recovered for non-potable uses.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated water-efficient technologies significantly reduce potable water demand and household costs in multifamily buildings.
  • This approach enhances urban water management and supports climate and resource policies.
  • The study aligns with multiple UN Sustainable Development Goals, including SDG 6, 9, 11, 12, and 13.