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Blast-Related Otologic and Facial Nerve Injuries in Gaza.

Ahmed Herzalla1,2, Ahmed Alastal3, Bilal Irfan4,5,6,7

  • 1Al-Shifa Medical Complex, Gaza.

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|December 30, 2025
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Explosive weapons in Gaza caused significant otologic trauma and facial nerve palsy, particularly from blast injuries. Tympanic membrane damage was common, correlating with hearing loss severity.

Keywords:
Armed conflictGazaPalestineblast injuryconductive hearing lossfacial nerve palsyotologic traumasensorineural hearing losstympanic membrane perforationwar

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Explosive weapons in populated areas cause severe craniofacial and otologic injuries.
  • Conflict in Gaza disrupted healthcare access, limiting specialized care.
  • Understanding injury patterns is crucial for managing trauma outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Characterize otologic trauma and facial nerve palsy from conflict in Gaza.
  • Identify predictors of hearing loss severity in this population.
  • Evaluate the impact of limited healthcare capacity on otologic and craniofacial care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 110 civilians with conflict-related otologic trauma.
  • Data collected from Nasser Medical Complex, Gaza Strip (May-July 2025).
  • Included demographic, clinical, audiometric, and radiologic data.

Main Results:

  • Blast mechanisms caused ~80% of injuries; bilateral ear involvement was frequent.
  • Facial palsy occurred in 10.9% of patients.
  • Tympanic membrane pathology correlated with conductive and sensorineural hearing loss; older age and time from injury predicted sensorineural severity.

Conclusions:

  • Conflict-related otologic trauma in Gaza is severe, with blast injuries and TM pathology being common.
  • Facial palsy and TM damage are significant indicators of hearing loss.
  • Limited access to surgical repair for nerve injuries highlights critical healthcare gaps.