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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection
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Enhancing Bone Healing Using Carvacrol on Calcium Phosphate Substrates.

Susmita Bose1,2, Aditi Dahiya1,2, Yongdeok Jo1

  • 1W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 30, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carvacrol incorporation into bone implants enhances bone regeneration. This plant-based compound promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis while suppressing osteoclastogenesis, showing promise for tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
3D printingbone tissue engineeringcarvacrolin vivo rat distal femurplasma coating

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Carvacrol exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
  • Carvacrol's therapeutic potential for bone regeneration is being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the localized release of carvacrol from various implant materials.
  • To assess carvacrol's impact on osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis in bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Carvacrol was incorporated into three-dimensionally printed tricalcium phosphate (3DP TCP), hydroxyapatite-pressed (HAP) discs, and plasma-sprayed HA-coated Ti6Al4V (HA-Ti64) implants.
  • In vitro studies assessed cell viability, osteoclast activity, gene expression (RUNX2, RANKL), and angiogenesis.
  • In vivo studies utilized a rat distal femur model to evaluate new bone formation.

Main Results:

  • Carvacrol release varied by substrate and pH, with HA-Ti64 showing ~100% release in 3 days (acidic pH) and HAP discs showing 60% release over 14 days.
  • In vitro studies demonstrated increased osteoblast viability, reduced osteoclast activity, enhanced osteogenic gene expression, and increased angiogenesis.
  • In vivo studies showed a 30% increase in new bone formation in carvacrol-loaded HA-Ti64 implants compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Carvacrol-loaded calcium phosphate substrates effectively enhance osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
  • Carvacrol suppresses osteoclastogenesis, offering a localized, plant-based therapeutic strategy for bone tissue engineering.
  • Carvacrol-loaded implants represent a promising approach for improving bone regeneration outcomes.