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A Triune In Situ Integrated Nanoprobe with Controlled Exposed Tip for Reliable Single-Neuron Analysis.

Zhiyuan Du1,2, Qingda Xu3, Ye Xi1,2

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

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|December 30, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel nanoprobe tip-processing strategy for enhanced single-neuron analysis. This innovation improves accuracy and stability in neural recordings and intracellular monitoring.

Keywords:
atmospheric plasma jetin situ self-referencenanoprobepH sensingsingle-neuron analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Understanding single neuron mechanisms requires advanced nanoprobes.
  • Current nanoprobes face limitations in structural design, functional expansion, and tip exposure, hindering accurate single-neuron behavior analysis.
  • Existing methods lack integrated functionality for comprehensive neural analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a nanoscale tip-processing strategy for advanced nanoprobe functionality.
  • To achieve in situ integration of sensing, self-reference, and delivery functions within the nanoprobe tip.
  • To enhance the accuracy and reliability of single-neuron analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atmospheric plasma jet branch self-focusing (APJBSF) for nanoscale tip processing.
  • Developed a triune in situ integrated nanoprobe (TIINP) with outer surface sensing, inner self-reference, and inner delivery capabilities.
  • Performed intracellular delivery experiments to validate nanoprobe performance.

Main Results:

  • Selective removal of protective layers using APJBSF enabled controlled functional tip surface exposure at the nanoscale.
  • The in situ reference function significantly improved the accuracy and stability of intracellular recordings.
  • The TIINP accurately monitored intracellular pH changes induced by in situ delivery.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TIINP structure and APJBSF tip-processing technique offer a powerful tool for single-neuron analysis.
  • This approach enhances the functionality and reliability of nanoprobes for neuroscience research.
  • The integrated functions enable collaborative analysis of single-neuron behaviors.