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Biomass origin matters: Comparative evaluation of lignocellulose nanofibers via deep eutectic solvent processing.
Kangyun Lee1, Sunbeom Kwon1, Yuri Seo1
1Department of Convergent Biotechnology & Advanced Materials Science, BK21 Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System and Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|December 30, 2025
Summary
The origin of lignocellulosic biomass significantly impacts the properties of lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs). Understanding these relationships aids in selecting feedstocks for sustainable nanomaterial development.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomass Valorization
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Sustainable nanomaterials development requires understanding biomass origin's influence.
- Lignocellulosic biomass composition varies significantly with source.
- Nanofibrillation processes are sensitive to biomass feedstock characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how the origin of lignocellulosic biomass affects lignocellulose nanofiber (LCNF) composition, nanofibrillation behavior, and film performance.
- To establish relationships between biomass source, LCNF properties, and resulting film characteristics.
- To provide insights for rational feedstock selection in sustainable LCNF production.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of LCNFs from four distinct biomass sources: spent coffee grounds (SCG), mixed hardwood (MHW), acacia (AC), and rice husk (RH).
- Utilized an integrated process involving sodium hydroxide pretreatment, deep eutectic solvent treatment, and mechanical nanofibrillation.
- Characterized LCNF chemical composition, fibril diameter, film haze, and tensile strength.
Main Results:
- LCNFs from different biomass sources exhibited distinct chemical compositions and nanofiber morphologies despite identical processing.
- Average fibril diameter increased with lignin content, ranging from 10.2 nm (SCG) to 23.6 nm (RH).
- Tensile strength varied, with MHW (114.7 MPa) and AC (100.8 MPa) showing superior performance compared to RH (91.1 MPa) and SCG (88.7 MPa).
Conclusions:
- Biomass origin is a critical factor governing LCNF properties and performance.
- A predictive framework linking biomass origin to nanofibrillation and structure-property relationships was established.
- Findings offer guidance for optimizing feedstock selection and process design for sustainable LCNF manufacturing.
