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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System
Published on: May 5, 2022
1Department of Special Dental, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
The modified flat-side open-ended needle (FS needle) offers improved root canal irrigation by balancing low apical pressure with effective fluid replacement, outperforming traditional needles at critical depths.
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