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Atraumatic splenic rupture in a man in his 70s: unusual cause of acute abdomen and shock.

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Postinfectious cerebellitis in a preadolescent child.

Wenlong Zhao1, Violet Alavi2, Syed Sherazi2

  • 1A&E, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK wenlong.zhao@wwl.nhs.uk.

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|December 30, 2025
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Postinfectious cerebellitis, a neurological complication of varicella (chickenpox), can occur even with normal diagnostic tests. Early clinical recognition and multidisciplinary follow-up are crucial for managing this immune-mediated condition.

Keywords:
Infant healthNeuroimagingPaediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Varicella (chickenpox) is a common viral illness, usually self-limiting in children.
  • Neurological complications, including postinfectious cerebellitis, can arise and are presumed to be immune-mediated.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to normal initial neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of postinfectious cerebellitis in a preadolescent male following varicella.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and the importance of clinical vigilance.
  • To emphasize the need for timely intervention and multidisciplinary care.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a preadolescent male presenting with ataxia and other cerebellar signs one week post-varicella rash.
  • Clinical diagnosis based on neurological examination.
  • Standard diagnostic workup including neuroimaging and CSF analysis, which were unremarkable.

Main Results:

  • The patient exhibited classic cerebellar signs but had normal imaging and CSF results.
  • Initial empirical treatment for suspected meningoencephalitis led to partial clinical improvement.
  • Residual neurological deficits necessitated physiotherapy, indicating the potential for long-term impact.

Conclusions:

  • Postinfectious cerebellitis can present with significant neurological deficits despite normal investigations.
  • Clinical suspicion is paramount for diagnosis when faced with classic cerebellar signs post-varicella.
  • Multidisciplinary follow-up and management are essential for patients with persistent neurological deficits.