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Related Experiment Video

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DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
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Multi-Molecular Logic Framework Based on Morse Code, ASCII Logic, and Beale's Cipher for Advanced

Mohamed Nabeel Mattath1,2, Yingying Lu3, Ajith Manayil Parambil4

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a molecular integration framework for secure communication using DNA structures. It combines Morse code, ASCII, and Beale's cipher for advanced encryption and decryption, enhancing data security.

Keywords:
ASCII codeBeale's cipherDNAMorse codecrypto‐steganographygraphical user interfacemolecular dyes

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Molecular information coding (MIC) is an emerging field for encrypting messages using biomolecules.
  • Current MIC methods require further development for robust security applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a versatile molecular integration framework for secure data transmission.
  • To demonstrate a multi-level security system combining Morse code, ASCII, and Beale's cipher using DNA structures.
  • To develop an accessible tool for classifying logic gates in molecular systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a molecular dye-oligonucleotide platform including single-stranded DNA, duplex DNA, stem-loop, and G-quadruplex (G-4) structures.
  • Integrated nanotechnology with crypto-steganographic methods for code visualization and deciphering.
  • Employed molecular logic computing to embed logic operations into signal transduction.
  • Developed a graphical user interface (GUI) with a decision tree algorithm for logic gate classification.
  • Implemented Morse code for static and dynamic key generation.
  • Applied ASCII-based logic gate operations for multi-key decryption.
  • Combined Beale's cipher with Morse code using a pangramic codebook for hybrid encryption.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a proof-of-concept multi-level security system.
  • Integrated elementary logic operations into molecular signal transduction for code deciphering.
  • Achieved static and dynamic key generation using Morse code strategies.
  • Enabled multi-key decryption of decimal values via ASCII-based logic gates.
  • Established a highly resistant cryptographic system against brute-force attacks through a hybrid Beale's cipher and Morse code approach.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework offers insights into advanced molecular information coding and encryption.
  • This approach integrates nanotechnology with cryptography for secure communication without complex materials.
  • The study highlights the potential of DNA-based systems for creating robust and accessible security solutions.