Bridging the Effects of Noncontact Temperature Sensing and Cellular Biofunctionality in Nanosized...

Thermal imaging plays a pivotal role in distinguishing distinct cellular states, assessing dynamic cellular activity in real-time health monitoring, and advancing the design of biofunctional materials for tissue engineering applications. The investigated photoluminescence characteristics of Dy³⁺ ion-doped fluorapatite demonstrate that this material offers stable temperature sensitivity. Our findings support the strategic design of next-generation nanomaterials for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering by elucidating key cellular interactions. Furthermore, our study has begun to address the impact of Dy³⁺ ion-doped nanomaterials on progenitor cell activity, providing valuable insights into their potential applications. A comprehensive description of photoluminescence characterization, including the LIR and S_R parameters, is provided to highlight its high thermal sensing potential. The antimicrobial activity of Dy³⁺ ion-doped fluorapatite is confirmed using the well-diffusion method against six commonly encountered microbial species. In vitro assays on hBMSCs included, among others, the determination of apoptosis profiles and metabolic potential through cytometric assays and molecular analyses (RT-qPCR and Western blot). These findings underscore the potential of Dy³⁺ ion-doped fluorapatite as a biocompatible material for biomedical applications while emphasizing the importance of further understanding its mechanism of action.