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Text-Guided Inpainting for Aesthetic Prediction in Orthofacial Surgery: A Patient-Centered AI Approach.

Vincenzo Abbate¹, Emanuele Carraturo¹, Domenico Benfenati²

¹Head and Neck Section, Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

|December 31, 2025

Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances orthofacial surgery by generating patient-specific facial profiles. AI-modified profiles were rated more aesthetically pleasing by patients, surgeons, and the general population.

Keywords:

CAD-CAM artificial intelligence generative AI orthofacial surgery virtual surgical planning

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Area of Science:

Medical technology
Artificial intelligence in medicine
Orthofacial surgery

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare, improving diagnostics and treatments.
Text-guided inpainting offers a novel approach for creating patient-specific facial profiles in orthofacial surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the aesthetic potential of AI-generated facial profiles in orthofacial surgery.
To assess patient and expert perceptions of AI-modified facial aesthetics.

Main Methods:

Utilized the DALL-E2 platform for text-guided inpainting to generate profilometric transformations.
Evaluated 89 patients with dentofacial deformities (DFDs).
Assessed AI-generated facial profiles by patients, expert surgeons, and the general population.

Main Results:

A significant majority found AI-modified profiles more aesthetically pleasing: 94% of surgeons, 85% of the general population, and 79% of patients.
The prompt inspired by runway models achieved the highest consensus across all assessment groups.
AI demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing facial profile aesthetics.

Conclusions:

Generative AI and text-guided inpainting show significant potential for aesthetic enhancement in orthofacial surgery.
These AI tools can aid in personalized treatment planning and virtual surgical planning.
AI offers a promising avenue for improving patient outcomes and satisfaction in orthofacial procedures.