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Simulation of a Multiband Stacked Antiparallel Solar Cell with over 70% Efficiency.

Rehab Ramadan^1,2, Kin Man Yu³, Nair López Martínez^1,4

¹Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28048 Madrid, Spain.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 31, 2025

Summary

Novel multiband solar cells using highly mismatched alloys and anti-parallel junctions eliminate complex tunnel junctions. This simplified design achieves 70% theoretical efficiency, surpassing conventional multijunction cells.

Keywords:

highly mismatched materials multiband solar cells reverse tunneling current stacked-antiparallel junctions three active energy band transitions

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Semiconductor Physics
Renewable Energy

Background:

Multiband solar cells aim to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit by utilizing multiple energy bands.
Conventional multijunction solar cells face challenges with complex tunnel junctions and fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel multiband solar cell structure using highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) and anti-parallel junctions.
To eliminate the need for complex tunnel junctions in multijunction solar cell designs.

Main Methods:

Device design based on dilute GaAsN (a highly mismatched alloy) with stacked anti-parallel junctions.
Utilizing SCAPS-1D simulations to analyze carrier transport and optimize device structure.
Incorporating blocking layers to prevent carrier recombination and enhance photocurrent extraction.

Main Results:

The proposed anti-parallel junction structure simplifies fabrication by eliminating tunnel junctions.
Simulations show optimized five-stacked anti-parallel junctions achieve 70% theoretical conversion efficiency under 100 suns.
This efficiency rivals state-of-the-art six-junction cells but with reduced complexity.

Conclusions:

Highly mismatched alloys are a viable platform for developing simplified, high-efficiency solar cells.
Anti-parallel junctions offer a promising alternative for advanced multiband solar cell architectures.
The proposed design demonstrates a pathway to overcome limitations in current solar cell technology.