Antimicrobial Potential of Six Plant Essential Oils Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae: In Vitro Activity and In Planta Efficacy Do Not Always Align
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Plant essential oils show promise for controlling kiwifruit bacterial canker (KBC). Their effectiveness against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) depends heavily on application timing, with varying results in lab versus field trials.
Area Of Science
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Pathology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background
- Kiwifruit bacterial canker (KBC), caused by *Pseudomonas syringae* pv. *actinidiae* (*Psa*), poses a significant threat to global fruit production.
- There is a growing need for eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides, such as antibiotics and copper compounds, for disease management.
- Plant essential oils (EOs) are being explored for their potential antimicrobial properties against plant pathogens.
Purpose Of The Study
- To chemically characterize six selected EOs: anise, basil, cardamom, cumin, fennel, and laurel.
- To evaluate the *in vitro* and *in planta* antimicrobial activity of these EOs against *Psa*.
- To determine the impact of preventive versus curative application timings on EO efficacy against KBC.
Main Methods
- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for EO chemical profiling.
- *In vitro* antimicrobial activity was assessed against *Psa* and *P. syringae* pv. *actinidifoliorum* (*Pfm*) strains.
- *In planta* efficacy was evaluated on kiwifruit plants using preventive (14 days pre-inoculation) and curative (14 days post-inoculation) application regimes against *Psa*.
Main Results
- Cumin EO, primarily composed of cuminaldehyde (48%), exhibited the strongest *in vitro* inhibition of *Psa* growth at 5-10% concentrations.
- Anise EO, rich in anethole (89%), was the least effective EO *in vitro*.
- *In planta*, preventive application of basil, anise, laurel, and cumin EOs significantly reduced endophytic *Psa* populations. Curative application showed significant reductions with laurel, cardamom, cumin, and fennel EOs, highlighting timing-dependent effects.
Conclusions
- The *in planta* efficacy of EOs against *Psa* differs significantly from *in vitro* results and is strongly influenced by application timing.
- Laurel and cardamom EOs demonstrated notable efficacy in curative treatments, while basil and anise showed promise in preventive applications.
- Further *in planta* validation and optimized application schedules are crucial for the successful integrated management of KBC using plant EOs.
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