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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures
Published on: August 29, 2018
Affective Response Dataset for Virtual Workspaces: Based on Color Stimuli and Multimodal Physiological Signals
Yimeng Zhang1, Ting Li1, Zihan Li1
1Department of Architecture, School of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Jinyuanzhuang Road 5, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100144, China.
Virtual workspaces can impact mental health. This study found red evokes anxiety, yellow happiness, and blue calmness, offering insights for affective computing in digital environments.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Affective Computing
- Virtual Environments
Background:
- The normalization of remote work and the rise of the metaverse highlight the importance of virtual workspaces.
- While efficient, virtual workspaces can negatively impact mental health due to a lack of emotional connection.
- Affective computing offers a path to integrate emotional intelligence into virtual environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between color and user emotions within virtual workspaces.
- To establish a foundation for developing emotionally intelligent virtual environments.
Main Methods:
- An experiment was conducted with 48 participants in eight virtual workspaces.
- Four color conditions (red, blue, yellow, green) and two workspace types (shared, single) were used.
- Emotional data were collected via the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), arousal questionnaires, electrodermal activity (EDA), and heart rate variability (HRV).
Main Results:
- Specific color-emotion associations were identified: red with 'anxious', yellow with 'happy', and blue with 'calm'.
- While green did not correlate with a specific emotion, the study successfully classified emotions within virtual workspaces.
- A dataset linking colors, workspace types, and participant emotions was created.
Conclusions:
- Color significantly influences emotional responses in virtual workspaces.
- These findings support the development of affective computing models for enhanced virtual environments.
- The study provides a theoretical basis for designing more emotionally resonant digital spaces.
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