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GeoCross: A Privacy-Preserving and Fine-Grained Authorization Scheme for Cross-Chain Geological Data Sharing.
Licheng Lin1, Bin Feng1,2, Pujie Jing3
1Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Tianjin 300300, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 31, 2025
Summary
GeoCross offers a secure framework for sharing geological data across blockchains. It ensures privacy and fine-grained access control using advanced encryption and zero-knowledge proofs, enhancing data integrity and trust in cross-chain systems.
Area of Science:
- Geosciences and Computer Science
- Distributed Ledger Technology
- Data Security and Privacy
Background:
- Emergence of massive heterogeneous data from geological blockchains and IoT.
- Challenges in multi-blockchain data sharing: sensitive data exposure and inadequate authorization.
- Critical need for fine-grained access control and privacy in geological data sharing across blockchains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose GeoCross, a cross-chain framework for geological data sharing.
- To enable fine-grained authorization management and robust privacy protection.
- To address the limitations of current multi-blockchain data sharing solutions.
Main Methods:
- Hierarchical hybrid encryption: symmetric encryption for data and ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption for access policies.
- Groth16-based zero-knowledge proofs for verifying off-chain data integrity and accessibility without revealing content.
- Reputation-based Non-interactive Relay node Selection (RNRS) protocol for trustworthy cross-chain routing.
Main Results:
- Groth16 verification achieved with three bilinear pairings.
- High throughput: up to 390 transactions per second (tps) on a single chain and 1550 tps concurrently across multiple chains.
- RNRS protocol maintained over 91% success rate even with 50% malicious nodes.
Conclusions:
- GeoCross provides an efficient and practical solution for secure cross-chain geological data sharing.
- The framework effectively balances access control, privacy preservation, and data integrity.
- Demonstrated feasibility and performance in a multi-chain Hyperledger Fabric environment.
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