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Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Time-Since-Deposition Signatures for Canine Blood Based on Cellular Autofluorescence.

Alysia Townsley1, Gabrielle Wolfe1, Madison Smith1

  • 1Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.

Veterinary Sciences
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forensic scientists can estimate canine blood sample age using autofluorescence. This new method helps determine time-since-deposition (TSD) for animal cruelty investigations.

Keywords:
animal crueltyautofluorescenceblood analysiscanineflow cytometrytime since depositionveterinary forensics

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Animal Forensics

Background:

  • Determining the time-since-deposition (TSD) of biological samples is crucial for animal cruelty investigations.
  • Current methods for TSD estimation of canine blood are limited, hindering investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel signature system for estimating the TSD of canine blood samples.
  • To utilize changes in cellular autofluorescence spectra over time as a TSD indicator.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring cellular autofluorescence intensity in canine blood samples at different TSDs.
  • Utilizing two detector channels (523/30 nm and 695/50 nm) with 488 nm excitation.
  • Applying a multiple linear regression model to correlate autofluorescence with TSD.

Main Results:

  • Autofluorescence intensity effectively differentiated samples with TSDs of <3 months from those aged 6 months or 1 year.
  • Strong correlations (r=0.83–0.91) were observed between autofluorescence and TSD for samples aged 1 day to 3 months.
  • A regression model showed residual errors of 2–35 days, with higher accuracy for samples <6 days TSD.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular autofluorescence provides a viable method for estimating canine blood TSD.
  • This technique can aid in prioritizing samples and generating leads in animal cruelty cases.
  • The method offers potential for improving the efficiency of forensic casework involving canine blood evidence.