The Effect of Pomegranate Tea on the Clinical Outcomes and Symptom Alleviation in COVID-19 Patients: A Double-Blind...

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged as a global pandemic in late 2019, leading to significant health and societal impacts. Treatment challenges have emerged as a result of viral mutations and the strain on healthcare resources, further intensified by the consequences of long-term COVID-19. Recent studies suggest pomegranate (Punica granatum) may offer immunomodulatory and antiviral benefits attributed to its polyphenol content. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pomegranate tea on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients and investigate its potential therapeutic role.

This double-blinded randomized clinical trial evaluated the clinical characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Pomegranate was sourced and processed into a standardized aqueous extract, with a placebo prepared to match its appearance. Eligible participants with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were randomized into intervention and placebo groups based on their respiratory support needs. Both groups received treatment during their hospital stay and continued postdischarge until symptom resolution. Standard treatment protocols were followed for all participants.

This double-blinded randomized clinical trial evaluated the clinical characteristics of 66 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The median age of participants was 56 years, and demographics were similar across groups. Notably, 58.7% had symptom onset within the last 10 days. There were statistically significant differences in baseline laboratory markers or primary outcomes, including hospitalization duration and time to improvement. Secondary outcomes similarly demonstrated no significant differences in mortality, respiratory support duration, severity of clinical symptoms, or adverse effects.

This study finds no significant advantage of pomegranate tea in managing COVID-19 but highlights the inherent challenges in researching emerging infectious diseases. Our research highlights the necessity of continuously refining methodologies and adapting to the dynamic nature of emerging pathogens. Such efforts are essential for advancing the search for effective treatments and ultimately enhancing patient care. These findings contribute critically to the ongoing exploration of therapeutic strategies against viral infections, fostering a deeper understanding of potential interventions. Trial Registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20200416047104N1.