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Related Concept Videos

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Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
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Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Clinical Application of Microscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
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Risk Factors for Early Reintubation Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Mei S Goh1, William Shannon1, Matthew Grimes1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine.

Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) reintubation risk factors include older age, male sex, Black race, longer operative time, corpectomy, multi-level fusions, and dependent functional status. These findings aid in preoperative risk stratification for ACDF patients.

Keywords:
airway complicationsanterior cervical discectomy and fusionreintubation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Spine Surgery
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common spinal procedure.
  • Unanticipated postoperative reintubation is a rare but serious complication of ACDF.
  • Identifying risk factors for reintubation is crucial for patient safety and healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify demographic, clinical, and operative risk factors for unanticipated reintubation within 2 days of ACDF.
  • To utilize a large, contemporary patient cohort for robust statistical analysis.
  • To inform preoperative counseling and surgical planning.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using 2017-2022 data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.
  • Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.
  • Key variables included patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Reintubation occurred in 0.2% of 41,398 ACDF patients.
  • Independent risk factors for reintubation included older age, male sex, Black race, longer operative time, corpectomy, 3+ fused levels, and dependent functional status.
  • Older age (OR 1.03), male sex (OR 1.59), Black race (OR 2.72), longer operative time (OR 1.20/hr), corpectomy (OR 2.58), multi-level fusion (OR 1.56), and dependent functional status (OR 2.99) were significant predictors.

Conclusions:

  • Several nonmodifiable patient and surgical factors increase reintubation risk after ACDF.
  • Findings can guide risk stratification, preoperative counseling, and surgical planning.
  • Further research is needed on race-associated reintubation and mitigation strategies.