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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Decellularized Human Sclera; an Optimized Biomaterial for Scleral Reconstruction.

Fateme Naghibi Nasab1, Saman Behboodi Tanourlouee2, Mahsa Atarmoghadam1

  • 1School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.

Artificial Organs
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Optimized decellularization of human sclera preserves extracellular matrix for effective scleral defect repair. Acellular scaffolds demonstrated safety and potential for improved surgical outcomes in a rabbit model.

Keywords:
SDSdecellularizationocular surfaceregenerative medicinescleral patchscleral reconstructiontriton X‐100trypsin

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Scleral damage requires surgical repair, with decellularization techniques offering a promising approach by preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • Developing an optimized decellularization protocol for human sclera is crucial for effective tissue reconstruction.
  • Evaluating acellular human sclera grafts in a rabbit model addresses scleral defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize a decellularization protocol for human sclera.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of acellular human sclera (HAS) grafts compared to native human sclera (HNS) in repairing scleral defects.
  • To evaluate the structural integrity, biocompatibility, and healing potential of decellularized sclera.

Main Methods:

  • Lamellar sclerectomy was performed on twelve rabbits, with defects grafted using HNS or HAS prepared via three distinct decellularization methods (A: SDS; B: SDS/Triton X-100; C: SDS/EDTA/Triton X-100/trypsin).
  • Outcomes were evaluated through cell nucleus visualization, cytotoxicity assays, SDS residue analysis, structural integrity assessments, slit lamp examinations, AS-OCT imaging, and histopathology.
  • Biodegradability and inflammatory responses were monitored throughout the study.

Main Results:

  • All decellularization methods successfully removed cells while preserving ECM integrity, with Method C showing superior collagen preservation.
  • Cytotoxicity was minimal, and SDS residues were reduced to safe levels.
  • HAS grafts, particularly from Method C, demonstrated better biodegradability and resulted in thinner graft integration compared to HNS, with all patches effectively healing defects and showing consistent, manageable inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Decellularized human sclera is a suitable biomaterial for scleral reconstruction, effectively retaining ECM while eliminating cells.
  • The developed decellularization protocols are robust and safe for repairing damaged scleral tissue.
  • This optimized acellular human sclera holds significant potential for enhancing surgical outcomes in scleral reconstruction procedures.