Primary retroperitoneal masses: Uncommon presentations with literature review

Area of Science:

• Pathology
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Primary retroperitoneal masses are rare neoplasms originating independently within the retroperitoneal space.
• These tumors pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their rarity and location.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the characteristics of primary retroperitoneal masses.
• To identify diagnostic challenges and uncommon tumor types.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective and prospective case review over 2 years at AIIMS Raipur.
• Correlation of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings, including ancillary studies.

Main Results:

• Fifteen cases of primary retroperitoneal masses were identified, predominantly affecting males in their 50s-60s.
• Both benign and malignant neoplasms were observed.
• Three uncommon cases included one extra-skeletal osteosarcoma and two extra-skeletal Ewing sarcomas.

Conclusions:

• Retroperitoneal tumors present diagnostic and therapeutic complexities due to rarity, late presentation, and proximity to vital structures.
• Accurate diagnosis is critical for effective management and improved patient outcomes.