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Memory trajectories by migration status and gender: A life-course intersectional perspective
Silvia Loi1, Giulia Tattarini2, Jo Mhairi Hale3
1Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Max Planck-University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|December 31, 2025
Summary
Migration status and gender significantly impact memory trajectories in older adults. Immigrants show lower memory function, but men consistently experience worse memory decline than women across groups.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Science
- Sociology of Migration
Background:
- Memory decline is a critical concern in aging populations.
- Cognitive aging varies significantly across demographic groups.
- The intersectional influence of gender and migration on memory trajectories is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the relationships between migration, gender, and life-course memory trajectories.
- To evaluate the role of age at migration in memory performance.
- To understand how intersectional factors affect cognitive aging in diverse populations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized random-effects growth curve models.
- Analyzed longitudinal data on memory trajectories.
- Employed an intersectional framework considering gender and migration status.
Main Results:
- Persistent memory disparities observed by migration status, especially in early older age.
- Immigrants generally exhibit lower baseline memory and steeper declines.
- Men, across all groups, showed worse memory performance compared to women.
Conclusions:
- Intersectional factors of gender and migration status are crucial in cognitive aging research.
- Age at migration influences memory outcomes, with specific patterns for men migrating in childhood/adolescence.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering baseline levels and longitudinal patterns in memory research.
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